1930 London Treaty Part I

GravyDave1 · August 12, 2015

A upgrade from the Washington treaty. If look cruiser are listed as A and B. A for Heavy and B for light.

INTERNATIONAL TREATY FOR THE LIMITATION AND REDUCTION OF NAVAL ARMAMENT

The President of the United States of America, the President of the French Republic, His Majesty the King of Great Britain, Ireland and the British Dominion beyond the Seas, Emperor of India, His Majesty the King of Italy, and His Majesty the Emperor of Japan,

DESIRING to prevent the dangers and reduce the burdens inherent in competitive armaments, and

DESIRING to carry forward the work begun by the Washington Naval Conference and to facilitate the progressive realization of general limitation and reduction of armaments,

HAVE RESOLVED to conclude a Treaty for the limitation and reduction of naval armaments and have accordingly appointed as their Plenipotentiaries:

[Names of plenipotentiaries not reproduced here.]

Who, having communicated to one another their full powers, found in good and due form, have agreed as follows:

PART I

Article 1

The High Contracting Parties agree not to exercise their rights to lay down the keels of capital ship replacement tonnage during the years 1931-1936 inclusive as provided in Chapter II, Part 3, of the Treaty for the Limitation of Naval Armament signed between them at Washington on 6 February 1922 and referred to in the present Treaty as the Washington Treaty.[1]

This provision is without prejudice to the disposition relating to the replacement of ships accidentally lost or destroyed contained in Chapter II, Part 3, Section I, paragraph © of the said Treaty.

France and Italy may, however, build the replacement tonnage which they were entitled to lay down in 1927 and 1929 in accordance with the provisions of the said Treaty.

Article 2

1. The United States, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and Japan shall dispose of the following capital ships as provided in this Article:

United States:

"Florida".

"Utah".

"Arkansas" or "Wyoming".

United Kingdom:

"Benbow".

"Iron Duke".

"Marlborough".

"Emperor of India".

"Tiger".

Japan:

"Hiyei".

(a) Subject to the provisions of subparagraph (b), the above ships, unless converted to target use exclusively in accordance with Chapter II, Part 2, paragraph II© of the Washington Treaty, shall be scrapped in the following manner:

One of the ships to be scrapped by the United States, and two of those to be scrapped by the United Kingdom shall be rendered unfit for warlike service, in accordance with Chapter II, Part 2, paragraph III(b) of the Washington Treaty, within twelve months from the coming into force of the present Treaty. These ships shall be finally scrapped, in accordance with paragraph II(a) or (b) of the said Part 2, within twenty-four months from the said coming into force. In the case of the second of the ships to be scrapped by the United States, and of the third and fourth of the ships to be scrapped by the United Kingdom, the said periods shall be eighteen and thirty months respectively from the coming into force of the present Treaty.

(b) Of the ships to be disposed of under this Article, the following may be retained for training purposes:

by the United States:

"Arkansas" or "Wyoming".

by the United Kingdom:

"Iron Duke".

by Japan:

"Hiyei".

These ships shall be reduced to the condition prescribed in Section V of Annex II to Part II of the present Treaty. The work of reducing these vessels to the required condition shall begin, in the case of the United States and the United Kingdom within twelve months, and in the case of Japan within eighteen months from the coming into force of the present Treaty; the work shall be completed within six months of the expiration of the abovementioned periods.

Any of these ships which are not retained for training purposes shall be rendered unfit for warlike service within eighteen months, and finally scrapped within thirty months, of the coming into force of the present Treaty.

2. Subject to any disposal of capital ships which might be necessitated, in accordance with the Washington Treaty, by the building by France or Italy of the replacement tonnage referred to in Article 1 of the present Treaty, all existing capital ships mentioned in Chapter II, Part 3, Section II of the Washington Treaty and not designated above to be disposed of may be retained during the term of the present Treaty.

3. The right of replacement is not lost by delay in laying down replacement tonnage, and the old vessel may be retained until replaced even though due for scrapping under Chapter II, Part 3, Section II of the Washington Treaty.

Article 3

1. For the purposes of the Washington Treaty, the definition of an aircraft carrier given in Chapter II, Part 4, of the said Treaty is hereby replaced by the following definition:

The expression "aircraft carrier" includes any surface vessel of war, whatever its displacement, designed for the specific and exclusive purpose of carrying aircraft and so constructed that aircraft can be launched therefrom and landed thereon.

2. The fitting of a landing-on or flying-off platform or deck on a capital ship, cruiser or destroyer, provided such vessel was not designed or adapted exclusively as an aircraft carrier, shall not cause any vessel so fitted to be charged against or classified in the category of aircraft carriers.

3. No capital ship in existence on 1 April 1930 shall be fitted with a landing-on platform or deck.

Article 4

1. No aircraft carrier of 10,000 tons (10,160 metric tons) or less standard displacement mounting a gun above 6.1 inch (155 mm) calibre shall be acquired by or constructed by or for any of the High Contracting Parties.

2. As from the coming into force of the present Treaty in respect of all the High Contracting Parties, no aircraft carrier of 10,000 tons (10,160 metric tons) or less standard displacement mounting a gun above 6.1 inch (155 mm) calibre shall be constructed within the jurisdiction of any of the High Contracting Parties.

Article 5

An aircraft carrier must not be designed and constructed for carrying a more powerful armament than that authorised by Article IX or Article X of the Washington Treaty, or by Article 4 of the present Treaty, as the case may be.

Wherever in the said Articles IX and X the calibre of 6 inches (152 mm) is mentioned, the calibre of 6.1 inches (155 mm) is substituted therefor.

PART II

Article 6

1. The rules for determining standard displacement prescribed in Chapter II, Part 4 of the Washington Treaty shall apply to all surface vessels of war of each of the High Contracting Parties.

2. The standard displacement of a submarine is the surface displacement of the vessel complete (exclusive of the water in non-watertight structure) fully manned, engined, and equipped ready for sea, including all armament and ammunition, equipment, outfit, provisions for crew, miscellaneous stores, and implements of every description that are intended to be carried in war, but without fuel, lubricating oil, fresh water or ballast water of any kind on board.

3. Each naval combatant vessel shall be rated at its displacement tonnage when in the standard condition. The word "ton" except in the expression "metric tons", shall be understood to be the ton of 2,240 pounds (1,016 kg).

Article 7

1. No submarine the standard displacement of which exceeds 2,000 tons (2,032 metric tons) or with a gun above 5.1 inch (130 mm) calibre shall be acquired by or constructed by or for any of the High Contracting Parties.

2. Each of the High Contracting Parties may, however, retain, build or acquire a maximum number of three submarines of a standard displacement not exceeding 2,800 tons (2,845 metric tons); these submarines may carry guns not above 6.1 inch (155 mm) calibre. Within this number, France may retain one unit, already launched, of 2,880 tons (2,926 metric tons), with guns the calibre of which is 8 inches (203 mm).

3. The High Contracting Parties may retain the submarines which they possessed on 1 April 1930 having a standard displacement not in excess of 2,000 tons (2,032 metric tons) and armed with guns above 5.1 inch (130 mm) calibre.

4. As from the coming into force of the present Treaty in respect of all the High Contracting Parties, no submarine the standard displacement of which exceeds 2,000 tons (2,032 metric tons) or with a gun above 5.1 inch (130 mm) calibre shall be constructed within the jurisdiction of any of the High Contracting Parties, except as provided in paragraph 2 of this Article.

Article 8

Subject to any special agreements which may submit them to limitation, the following vessels are exempt from limitation:

(a) Naval surface combatant vessels of 600 tons (610 metric tons) standard displacement and under;

(b) Naval surface combatant vessels exceeding 600 tons (610 metric tons), but not exceeding 2,000 tons (2,032 metric tons) standard displacement, provided they have none of the following characteristics:

(1) Mount a gun above 6.1 inch (155 mm) calibre;

(2) Mount more than four guns above 3 inch (76 mm) calibre;

(3) Are designed or fitted to launch torpedoes;

(4) Are designed for a speed greater than twenty knots.

© Naval surface vessels not specifically built as fighting ships which are employed on fleet duties or as troop transports or in some other way than as fighting ships, provided they have none of the following characteristics:

(1) Mount a gun above 6.1 inch (155 mm) calibre;

(2) Mount more than four guns above 3 inch (76 mm) calibre;

(3) Are designed or fitted to launch torpedoes:

(4) Are designed for a speed greater than twenty knots;

(5) Are protected by armour plate;

(6) Are designed or fitted to launch mines;

(7) Are fitted to receive aircraft on board from the air;

(8) Mount more than one aircraft-launching apparatus on the centre line; or two, one on each broadside;

(9) If fitted with any means of launching aircraft into the air, are designed or adapted to operate at sea more than three aircraft.

Article 9

The rules as to replacement contained in Annex I to this Part II are applicable to vessels of war not exceeding 10,000 tons (10,160 metric tons) standard displacement, with the exception of aircraft carriers, whose replacement is governed by the provisions of the Washington Treaty.

Article 10

Within one month after the date of laying down and the date of completion respectively of each vessel of war, other than capital ships, aircraft carriers and the vessels exempt from limitation under Article 8, laid down or completed by or for them after the coming into force of the present Treaty, the High Contracting Parties shall communicate to each of the other High Contracting Parties the information detailed below:

(a) The date of laying the keel and the following particulars:

Classification of the vessel;

Standard displacement in tons and metric tons;

Principal dimensions, namely: length at water-line, extreme beam at or below water-line;

Mean draft at standard displacement;

Calibre of the largest gun.

(b) The date of completion together with the foregoing particulars relating to the vessel at that date.

The information to be given in the case of capital ships and aircraft carriers is governed by the Washington Treaty.

Article 11

Subject to the provisions of Article 2 of the present Treaty, the rules for disposal contained in Annex II to this Part II shall be applied to all vessels of war to be disposed of under the said Treaty, and to aircraft carriers as defined in Article 3.

Article 12

1. Subject to any supplementary agreements which may modify, as between the High Contracting Parties concerned, the lists in Annex III to this Part II, the special vessels shown therein may be retained and their tonnage shall not be included in the tonnage subject to limitation.

2. Any other vessel constructed, adapted or acquired to serve the purposes for which these special vessels are retained shall be charged against the tonnage of the appropriate combatant category, according to the characteristics of the vessel, unless such vessel conforms to the characteristics of vessels exempt from limitation under Article 8.

3. Japan may, however, replace the minelayers "Aso" and "Tokiwa" by two new minelayers before 31 December 1936. The standard displacement of each of the new vessels shall not exceed 5,000 tons (5,080 metric tons) their speed shall not exceed twenty knots, and their other characteristics shall conform to the provisions of paragraph (b) of Article 8. The new vessels shall be regarded as special vessels and their tonnage shall not be chargeable to the tonnage of any combatant category. The "Aso" and "Tokiwa" shall be disposed of in accordance with Section I or II of Annex II to this Part II, on completion of the replacement vessels.

4. The "Asama", "Yakumo", "Izumo", "Iwate" and "Kasuga" shall be disposed of in accordance with Section I or II of Annex II to this Part II when the first three vessels of the "Kuma" class have been replaced by new vessels. These three vessels of the "Kuma" class shall be reduced to the condition prescribed in Section V, sub-paragraph (b)2 of Annex II to this Part II, and are to be used for training ships, and their tonnage shall not thereafter be included in the tonnage subject to limitation.

Article 13

Existing ships of various types, which, prior to 1 April 1930, have been used as stationary training establishments or hulks, may be retained in a non-seagoing condition.

ANNEX I

RULES FOR REPLACEMENT

Section I

Except as provided in Section III of this Annex and Part III of the present Treaty, a vessel shall not be replaced before it becomes "over-age". A vessel shall be deemed to be "over-age" when the following number of years have elapsed since the date of its completion:

(a) For a surface vessel exceeding 3,000 tons (3,048 metric tons) but not exceeding 10,000 tons (10,160 metric tons) standard displacement:

(i) If laid down before 1 January 1920: 16 years;

(ii) If laid down after 31 December 1919: 20 years.

(b) For a surface vessel not exceeding 3,000 tons (3,048 metric tons) standard displacement:

(i) If laid down before 1 January 1921: 12 years;

(ii) If laid down after 31 December 1920: 16 years.

The keels of replacement tonnage shall not be laid down more than three years before the year in which the vessel to be replaced becomes "over-age"; but this period is reduced to two years in the case of any replacement surface vessel not exceeding 3,000 tons (3,048 metric tons) standards displacement.

The right of replacement is not lost by delay in laying down replacement tonnage.

Section II

Except as otherwise provided in the present Treaty, the vessel or vessels, whose retention would cause the maximum tonnage permitted in the category to be exceeded, shall, on the completion or acquisition of replacement tonnage, be disposed of in accordance with Annex II to this Part II.

Section III

In the event of loss or accidental destruction a vessel may be immediately replaced.

ANNEX II

RULES FOR DISPOSAL OF VESSELS OF WAR

The present Treaty provides for the disposal of vessels of war in the following ways:

(i) By scrapping (sinking or breaking up);

(ii) By converting the vessel to a hulk;

(iii) By converting the vessel to target use exclusively;

(iv) By retaining the vessel exclusively for experimental purposes;

(v) By retaining the vessel exclusively for training purposes.

Any vessel of war to be disposed of, other than a capital ship, may either be scrapped or converted to a hulk at the option of the High Contracting Party concerned.

Vessels, other than capital ships, which have been retained for target, experimental or training purposes, shall finally be scrapped or converted to hulks.

Section I

Vessels to be scrapped

(a) A vessel to be disposed of by scrapping, by reason of its replacement, must be rendered incapable of warlike service within six months of the date of the completion of its successor, or of the first of its successors if there are more than one. If, however, the completion of the new vessel or vessels be delayed, the work of rendering the old vessel incapable of warlike service shall, nevertheless, be completed within four and a half years from the date of laying the keel of the new vessel, or of the first of the new vessels, but should the new vessel, or any of the new vessels, be a surface vessel not exceeding 3,000 tons (3,048 metric tons) standard displacement, this period is reduced to three and a half years.

(b) A vessel to be scrapped shall be considered incapable of warlike service when there shall have been removed and landed or else destroyed in the ship:

(1) All guns and essential parts of guns, fire control tops and revolving parts of all barbettes and turrets;

(2) All hydraulic or electric machinery for operating turrets;

(3) All fire control instruments and range-finders;

(4) All ammunition, explosives, mines and mine rails;

(5) All torpedoes, war heads, torpedo tubes and training racks;

(6) All wireless telegraphy installations;

(7) All main propelling machinery, or alternatively the armoured conning tower and all side armour plate;

(8) All aircraft cranes, derricks, lifts and launching apparatus. All landing-on or flying-off platforms and decks, or alternatively all main propelling machinery;

(9) In addition, in the case of submarines, all main storage batteries, air compressor plants and ballast pumps.

(1) Permanent sinking of the vessel;

(2) Breaking the vessel up; this shall always include the destruction or removal of all machinery, boilers and armour, and all deck, side and bottom plating.

Section II

Vessels to be converted to hulks

A vessel to be disposed of by conversion to a hulk shall be considered finally disposed of when the conditions prescribed in Section I, paragraph (b), have been complied with, omitting sub-paragraphs (6), (7) and (8), and when the following have been effected:

(1) Mutilation beyond repair of all propeller shafts, thrust blocks, turbine gearing or main propelling motors, and turbines or cylinders of main engines;

(2) Removal of propeller brackets;

(3) Removal and breaking up of all aircraft lifts, and the removal of all aircraft cranes, derricks and launching apparatus.

The vessel must be put in the above condition within the same limits of time as provided in Section I for rendering a vessel incapable of warlike service.

Section III

Vessels to be converted to target use

(a) A vessel to be disposed of by conversion to target use exclusively shall be considered incapable of warlike service when there have been removed and landed, or rendered unserviceable on board, the following:

(1) All guns;

(2) All fire control tops and instruments and main fire control communication wiring;

(3) All machinery for operating gun mountings or turrets;

(4) All ammunition, explosives, mines, torpedoes and torpedo tubes;

(5) All aviation facilities and accessories.

The vessel must be put into the above condition within the same limits of time as provided in Section I for rendering a vessel incapable of warlike service.

(b) In addition to the rights already possessed by each High Contracting Party under the Washington Treaty, each High Contracting Party is permitted to retain, for target use exclusively, at any one time:

(1) Not more than three vessels (cruisers or destroyers), but of these three vessels only one may exceed 3,000 tons (3,048 metric tons) standard displacement;

(2) One submarine.

Section IV

Vessels retained for experimental purposes

(a) A vessel to be disposed of by conversion to experimental purposes exclusively shall be dealt with in accordance with the provisions of Section III(a) of this Annex.

(b) Without prejudice to the general rules, and provided that due notice be given to the other High Contracting Parties, reasonable variation from the conditions prescribed in Section III(a) of this Annex, in so far as may be necessary for the purposes of a special experiment, may be permitted as a temporary measure.

Any High Contracting Party taking advantage of this provision is required to furnish full details of any such variations and the period for which they will be required.

(1) Not more than two vessels (cruisers or destroyers), but of these two vessels only one may exceed 3,000 tons (3,048 metric tons) standard displacement;

(2) One submarine.

(d) The United Kingdom is allowed to retain, in their present conditions, the monitor "Roberts" the main armament guns and mountings of which have been mutilated, and the seaplane carrier "Ark Royal", until no longer required for experimental purposes. The retention of these two vessels is without prejudice to the retention of vessels permitted under © above.

(e) On retaining a vessel for experimental purposes the High Contracting Party concerned undertakes not to recondition it for warlike service.

Section V

Vessels retained for training purposes

(a) In addition to the rights already possessed by any High Contracting Party under the Washington Treaty, each High Contracting Party is permitted to retain for training purposes exclusively the following vessels:

United States: 1 capital ship ("Arkansas" or "Wyoming");

France: 2 surface vessels, one of which may exceed 3,000 tons (3,048 metric tons) standard displacement;

United Kingdom: 1 capital ship ("Iron Duke");

Italy: 2 surface vessels, one of which may exceed 3,000 tons (3,048 metric tons) standard displacement;

Japan: 1 capital ship ("Hiyei") 3 cruisers ("Kuma" class).

(b) Vessels retained for training purposes under the provisions of paragraph (a) shall, within six months of the date on which they are required to be disposed of, be dealt with as follows:

1. Capital ships

The following is to be carried out:

(1) Removal of main armament guns, revolving parts of all barbettes and turrets; machinery for operating turrets; but three turrets with their armament may be retained in each ship;

(2) Removal of all ammunition and explosives in excess of the quantity required for target practice training for the guns remaining on board;

(3) Removal of conning tower and the side armour belt between the foremost and aftermost barbettes;

(4) Removal or mutilation of all torpedo tubes;

(5) Removal or mutilation on board of all boilers in excess of the number required for a maximum speed of eighteen knots.

2. Other surface vessels retained by France, Italy and Japan

The following is to be carried out:

(1) Removal of one half of the guns, but four guns of main calibre may be retained on each vessel;

(2) Removal of all torpedo tubes;

(3) Removal of all aviation facilities and accessories;

(4) Removal of one half of the boilers.

ANNEX III

SPECIAL VESSELS

UNITED STATES

Name and type of vessel	Displacement tons

Aroostook - Minelayer	4,950
Oglala - Minelayer	4,950
Baltimore - Minelayer	4,413
San Francisco - Minelayer	4,083
Cheyenne - Monitor	2,800
Helena - Gunboat	1,392
Isabel - Yacht	938
Niagara - Yacht	2,600
Bridgeport - Destroyer tender	11,750
Dobbin - Destroyer tender	12,450
Melville - Destroyer tender	7,150
Whitney - Destroyer tender	12,450
Holland - Submarine tender	11,570
Henderson - Naval transport	10,000
	91,496

FRANCE

Name and type of vessel	Displacement tons

Castor - Minelayer	3,150
Pollux - Minelayer	2,461
Commandant-Teste - Seaplane carrier	10,000
Aisne - Despatch vessel	600
Marne - Despatch vessel	600
Ancre - Despatch vessel	604
Scarpe - Despatch vessel	604
Suippe - Despatch vessel	604
Dunkerque - Despatch vessel	644
Laffaux - Despatch vessel	644
Bapaume - Despatch vessel	644
Nancy - Despatch vessel	644
Calais - Despatch vessel	644
Lassigny - Despatch vessel	644
Les Eparges - Despatch vessel	644
Remiremont - Despatch vessel	644
Tahure - Despatch vessel	644
Toul - Despatch vessel	644
Epinal - Despatch vessel	644
Liévin - Despatch vessel	644
( - ) - Netlayer	2,293
	28,644

BRITISH COMMONWEALTH OF NATIONS

Name and type of vessel	Displacement tons

Adventure - Minelayer (United Kingdom)	6,740
Albatross - Seaplane carrier (Australia)	5,000
Erebus - Monitor (United Kingdom)	7,200
Terror - Monitor (United Kingdom)	7,200
Marshal Soult - Monitor (United Kingdom)	6,400
Clive - Sloop (India)	2,021
Medway - Submarine depot ship (United Kingdom)	15,000
	49,561

ITALY

Name and type of vessel	Displacement tons

Miraglia - Seaplane carrier	4,880
Faà di Bruno - Monitor	2,800
Monte Grappa - Monitor	605
Montello - Monitor	605
Monte Cengio - Ex-monitor	500
Monte Novegno - Ex-monitor	500
Campania - Sloop	2,070
	11,960

JAPAN

Name and type of vessel	Displacement tons

Aso - Minelayer	7,180
Tokiwa - Minelayer	9,240
Asama - Old cruiser	9,240
Yakumo - Old cruiser	9,010
Izumo - Old cruiser	9,180
Iwate - Old cruiser	9,180
Kasuga - Old cruiser	7,080
Yodo - Gunboat	1,320
	61,430

PART III

The President of the United States of America, His Majesty the King of Great Britain, Ireland and the British Dominions beyond the Seas, Emperor of India, and His Majesty the Emperor of Japan, have agreed as between themselves to the provisions of this Part III:

Article 14

The naval combatant vessels of the United States, the British Commonwealth of Nations and Japan, other than capital ships, aircraft carriers and all vessels exempt from limitation under Article 8, shall be limited during the term of the present Treaty as provided in this Part III, and, in the case of special vessels, as provided in Article 12.

Article 15

For the purpose of this Part III the definition of the cruiser and destroyer categories shall be as follows:

Cruisers

Surface vessels of war, other than capital ships or aircraft carriers, the standard displacement of which exceeds 1,850 tons (1,880 metric tons), or with a gun above 5.1 inch (130 mm) calibre.

The cruiser category is divided into two sub-categories, as follows:

(a) Cruisers carrying a gun above 6.1 inch (155 mm) calibre;

(b) Cruisers carrying a gun not above 6.1 inch (155 mm) calibre.

Destroyers

Surface vessels of war the standard displacement of which does not exceed 1,850 tons (1,880 metric tons), and with a gun not above 5.1 inch (130 mm) calibre.

GravyDave1 · August 12, 2015

Hope this information helps out some more guys. Had to break it down to 2 parts. Forums would not let me do it all in one post.

Dah_Bears268 · August 12, 2015

Cruisers

Surface vessels of war, other than capital ships or aircraft carriers, the standard displacement of which exceeds 1,850 tons (1,880 metric tons), or with a gun above 5.1 inch (130 mm) calibre.

The cruiser category is divided into two sub-categories, as follows:

(a) Cruisers carrying a gun above 6.1 inch (155 mm) calibre;

(b) Cruisers carrying a gun not above 6.1 inch (155 mm) calibre.

Make sense, In Churchill's Second World War he referred to heavy cruisers as 8" gun cruisers and light cruisers as 6" gun cruisers .

GravyDave1 · August 12, 2015

Make sense, In Churchill's Second World War he referred to heavy cruisers as 8" gun cruisers and light cruisers as 6" gun cruisers .

Good point he did.

Mourneblade · August 12, 2015

I read this stuff back in college lol nice to brush up again

Good stuff Dave

GravyDave1 · August 12, 2015

I read this stuff back in college lol nice to brush up again

Good stuff Dave

Yea been awhile for me too.

August 12, 2015

Good information as per usual, thank you for posting this.

IronWolfV · August 12, 2015

Next time though, cliff notes version?

GravyDave1 · August 12, 2015

Next time though, cliff notes version?

Well was trying to get the whole thing in. But good point did not think of that.

GravyDave1 · August 12, 2015

Good information as per usual, thank you for posting this.

Hope it helps you tank. Sorry I could not find Battleships 1906 to 1990 in digital form. So I am trying to take some pics from book hope it works out.

1930 London Treaty Part I

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INTERNATIONAL TREATY FOR THE LIMITATION AND REDUCTION OF NAVAL ARMAMENT

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